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  <front>
   <journal-meta>
    <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">SM</journal-id>
    <journal-title-group>
     <journal-title>Salud Mental</journal-title>
     <abbrev-journal-title>SM</abbrev-journal-title>
    </journal-title-group>
    <issn pub-type="epub">0185-3325</issn>
    <publisher>
     <publisher-name>Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</publisher-name>
    </publisher>
   </journal-meta>
   <article-meta>
    <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">SM185</article-id>
    <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2016.004</article-id>
    <article-categories>
     <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
      <subject>Original article</subject>
     </subj-group>
    </article-categories>
    <title-group>
     <article-title>Readiness and barriers to adopt evidence-based practices for substance abuse treatment in Mexico</article-title>
     <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
      <trans-title>Readiness and barriers to adopt evidence-based practices for substance abuse treatment in Mexico</trans-title>
     </trans-title-group>
     <alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Readiness and barriers to adopt evidence-based practices for substance abuse treatment in Mexico</alt-title>
    </title-group>
    <contrib-group>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Viviana E.</surname>
       <given-names>Horigian</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Paula S.</surname>
       <given-names>Espinal</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Elizabeth</surname>
       <given-names>Alonso</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Rosa E.</surname>
       <given-names>Verdeja</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Rui</surname>
       <given-names>Duan</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Ingrid M.</surname>
       <given-names>Usaga</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Alejandro</surname>
       <given-names>Pérez López</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002">2</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Rodrigo</surname>
       <given-names>Marín-Navarrete</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002">2</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Daniel J.</surname>
       <given-names>Feaster</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
    </contrib-group>
    <aff id="AF0001">
     <label>1</label>
     Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0002">
     <label>2</label>
     Clinical Trials Unit on Addiction and Mental Health. Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico.
    </aff>
    <author-notes>
     <corresp id="cor1">
      Correspondence: Viviana E. Horigian, M.D. Miller School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, CRB 1011, Miami, Florida 33136. Tel: (305) 243 – 4305. Fax: (305) 243 – 4417. E-mail: vhorigian@med.miami.edu
      <email xlink:href="vhorigian@med.miami.edu">vhorigian@med.miami.edu</email>
     </corresp>
    </author-notes>
    <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
     <month>03</month>
     <year>2016</year>
    </pub-date>
    <volume>39</volume>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <fpage>77</fpage>
    <lpage>84</lpage>
    <history>
     <date date-type="received">
      <day>05</day>
      <month>01</month>
      <year>2016</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="accepted">
      <day>02</day>
      <month>03</month>
      <year>2016</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="Publicado on-line">
      <day>01</day>
      <month>04</month>
      <year>2016</year>
     </date>
    </history>
    <permissions>
     <copyright-statement>© 2001-2015. Todos los Derechos Reservados a Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</copyright-statement>
     <copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
     <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
      <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (by-nc) Spain 3.0 License.</license-p>
     </license>
    </permissions>
    <abstract xml:lang="en">Abstract
Introduction. Evidence shows a lag in adoption of evidence-based practices (EBPs) for substance abuse treatment and supports the need for studying the factors involved in this worldwide problem.
Objective. This study aimed to assess the readiness and barriers to adopt EBPs for substance abuse in a sample of outpatient treatment centers of a newly created Mexican Clinical Trials Network.
Method. An online survey was administered to directors (n = 8) and clinicians (n = 40) from seven outpatient treatment centers in Mexico. Questions were obtained from two surveys that had been implemented in the US to assess the same objectives.
Results. Respondents reported being more ready to adopt Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT, 83.3%) and Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET, 79.1%), compared to 12 step facilitation (58.3%), couples therapy (56.2%), Brief Strategic Family Therapy (BSFT, 66.6%), and motivational incentives (60.4%). Directors had lower mean resistance to EBPs (11.8 vs. 17.4; p = 0.01) than clinicians. The biggest barriers identified by directors to EBP adoption were not having enough clinical staff, being unable to afford well-trained staff, not enough psychiatric and medical support.
Discussion and conclusion. CBT and MET emerged as the most frequently used evidence based practices in the sites that are part of the Mexican Clinical Trials Network. Staff positive attitudes towards EBPs are critical for adoption.</abstract>
    <trans-abstract xml:lang="es">Resumen
Introducci&oacute;n. La literatura demuestra una demora en la adopci&oacute;n de las practicas basadas en la evidencia (PBEs) para el tratamiento del abuso de sustancias y apoya la necesidad de estudiar los factores involucrados en este problema mundial.
Objetivo. Este estudio evalu&oacute; la disponiblildad y las barreras de la adopci&oacute;n de PBE para el abuso de sustancias en una muestra de centros pertenencientes a la nueva Red Mexicana de Ensayos Clinicos.
M&eacute;todo. Se administr&oacute; una encuesta online a directores (n = 8) y a clinicos (n = 40) de siete centros de tratamiento ambulatorio para el tratamiento de las adicciones en M&eacute;xico. Las preguntas se obtuvieron de dos encuestas que se administraron en los Estados Unidos con los mismos objetivos.
Resultados. Los encuestados reportaron estar m&aacute;s dispuestos a la adopci&oacute;n de la Terapia Cognitivo Conductual (CBT,83.3%) y Terapia de Incremento Motivacional (MET, 79.1%),comparado con la facilitaci&oacute;n de los 12 pasos (58.3%),terapia de pareja (56.2%), Terapia Familiar Breve y Estrat&eacute;gica (BSFT, 66.6%),e incentivos para la motivaci&oacute;n (60.4%). Los directores tuvieron menor promedio de Resistencia a las PBEs (11.8 vs. 17.4; p = 0.01) que los clinicos. Las principales barreras identificadas por los directores fueron no tener suficiente personal cl&iacute;nico, no poder costear personal altamente entrenado, apoyo psiqui&aacute;trico y m&eacute;dico insuficiente.
Discusi&oacute;n y conclusi&oacute;n. La CBT y la MET emergieron como las PBEs usadas con mayor frecuencia en centros que son parte de la Red Mexicana de Ensayos Cl&iacute;nicos. Las actitudes positivas del personal hacia las PBEs son cr&iacute;ticas para la adopci&oacute;n.</trans-abstract>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
     <kwd>Evidence-based practice</kwd>
     <kwd>treatment services</kwd>
     <kwd>adoption</kwd>
     <kwd>substance abuse</kwd>
     <kwd>dissemination research</kwd>
     <kwd>barriers</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
     <kwd>Prácticas basadas en la evidencia</kwd>
     <kwd>servicios de tratamiento</kwd>
     <kwd>adopción</kwd>
     <kwd>uso de sustancias</kwd>
     <kwd>investigación de diseminación</kwd>
     <kwd>barreras</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
   </article-meta>
  </front>
 </article>

