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  <front>
   <journal-meta>
    <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">SM</journal-id>
    <journal-title-group>
     <journal-title>Salud Mental</journal-title>
     <abbrev-journal-title>SM</abbrev-journal-title>
    </journal-title-group>
    <issn pub-type="epub">0185-3325</issn>
    <publisher>
     <publisher-name>Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</publisher-name>
    </publisher>
   </journal-meta>
   <article-meta>
    <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">SM195</article-id>
    <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2016.009</article-id>
    <article-categories>
     <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
      <subject>Original article</subject>
     </subj-group>
    </article-categories>
    <title-group>
     <article-title>Intra-racial disparities: The effect of poverty and obesity on the psychosocial profile of Mexican-American children</article-title>
     <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
      <trans-title>Intra-racial disparities: The effect of poverty and obesity on the psychosocial profile of Mexican-American children</trans-title>
     </trans-title-group>
     <alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Intra-racial disparities: The effect of poverty and obesity on the psychosocial profile of Mexican-American children</alt-title>
    </title-group>
    <contrib-group>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Marie</surname>
       <given-names>Leiner</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Jesús</surname>
       <given-names>Peinado</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>María Theresa</surname>
       <given-names>Villanos</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Ricardo</surname>
       <given-names>Uribe</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002">2</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Indu</surname>
       <given-names>Pathak</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
    </contrib-group>
    <aff id="AF0001">
     <label>1</label>
     Department of Pediatrics. Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center- El Paso, Texas, USA.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0002">
     <label>2</label>
     Paul L. Foster School of Medicine El Paso, Texas, USA.
    </aff>
    <author-notes>
     <corresp id="cor1">
      Correspondence: Marie Leiner, Ph.D., Research Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 4800 Alberta, El Paso, Texas, 79905, USA. Tel: 915 215 - 5832. E-mail: marie.leiner@ttuhsc.edu
      <email xlink:href="marie.leiner@ttuhsc.edu">marie.leiner@ttuhsc.edu</email>
     </corresp>
    </author-notes>
    <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2016</year>
    </pub-date>
    <volume>39</volume>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <fpage>117</fpage>
    <lpage>122</lpage>
    <history>
     <date date-type="received">
      <day>15</day>
      <month>01</month>
      <year>2016</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="accepted">
      <day>06</day>
      <month>05</month>
      <year>2016</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="Publicado on-line">
      <day>08</day>
      <month>06</month>
      <year>2016</year>
     </date>
    </history>
    <permissions>
     <copyright-statement>© 2001-2015. Todos los Derechos Reservados a Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</copyright-statement>
     <copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
     <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
      <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (by-nc) Spain 3.0 License.</license-p>
     </license>
    </permissions>
    <abstract xml:lang="en">Abstract
Introduction. The high prevalence of obesity among children of Mexican descent, living in either Mexico or the United States (US), might indicate they are at a higher risk when compared to other groups. Previous mental health studies have had conflicting outcomes, which may be the result of considering these children as a homogeneous group (by race or ethnicity) instead of considering intra-racial group disparities (e.g. socio-economic status, adversities). Objective: To compare the psychosocial profile by weight category (normal weight, overweight, or obese) of impoverished Mexican descendent children in a clinical setting.
Objective. To compare the psychosocial profile by weight category (normal weight, overweight, or obese) of impoverished Mexican descendent children in a clinical setting.
Method. The study design was cross sectional. Information was retrieved from medical records (N = 2237) that were obtained from five university-based clinics in a large metropolitan area on the US-Mexico border from May 2009 to August 2010.
Results. Psychosocial and behavioral problems were present among this intra-racial group of Mexican-American children, with higher scores in the overweight and obese children than in the normal-weight children.
Discussion and conclusion. Intra-racial differences among obese and overweight children could account for variation in results regarding the mental health of Mexican American children.
Considering intra-racial group disparities when providing healthcare may improve delivery and promote better mental and health outcomes because some groups may need more attention than others. In addition, considering these groups when designing studies, may improve the accuracy and precision of study result interpretations.</abstract>
    <trans-abstract xml:lang="es">Resumen
Introducci&oacute;n. La alta prevalencia de obesidad en ni&ntilde;os de origen mexicano, ya sea en los Estados Unidos o en M&eacute;xico, puede indicar la posibilidad de mayores riesgos al compararlos con otros grupos &eacute;tnicos. Estudios previos sobre su salud mental han mostrado resultados contradictorios, que pueden deberse por considerar a estos ni&ntilde;os como un grupo homog&eacute;neo (de acuerdo con el grupo &eacute;tnico) en lugar de hacerlo considerando la existencia de diferencias intra-raciales (ej. nivel socioecon&oacute;mico, exposici&oacute;n a disparidades).
Objetivo. Comparar el perfil psicosocial de ni&ntilde;os m&eacute;xico-americanos viviendo en la pobreza en los Estados Unidos de acuerdo a su categor&iacute;a de peso (normal, sobrepeso, obesidad).
M&eacute;todo. El estudio es transversal. La informaci&oacute;n fue recolectada a partir de records m&eacute;dicos (N = 2237) obtenidos en cinco cl&iacute;nicas en una ciudad metropolitana. Resultados: Los resultados indican mayores problemas psicosociales y de comportamiento en este grupo intrarracial de ni&ntilde;os M&eacute;xico-Americanos con sobrepeso y obesidad al compararlos con los de peso normal.
Discusi&oacute;n y conclusi&oacute;n. Las posibles diferencias intra-raciales de estos ni&ntilde;os confrontando obesidad y sobrepeso y viviendo en la pobreza, pueden explicar las diferencias reportadas en algunos estudios.
Considerar la existencia de grupos intra-raciales al proveer salud puede mejorar los resultados, ya que algunos grupos pueden necesitar m&aacute;s atenci&oacute;n que otros. De forma adicional, considerar estos sub-grupos al dise&ntilde;ar estudios puede mejorar la exactitud y precisi&oacute;n de la interpretaci&oacute;n de resultados.</trans-abstract>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
     <kwd>Health disparities</kwd>
     <kwd>mental health</kwd>
     <kwd>obesity</kwd>
     <kwd>overweight</kwd>
     <kwd>children</kwd>
     <kwd>adolescent</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
     <kwd>Disparidades</kwd>
     <kwd>salud mental</kwd>
     <kwd>obesidad</kwd>
     <kwd>sobrepeso</kwd>
     <kwd>población pediátrica</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
   </article-meta>
  </front>
 </article>

