<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "journalpublishing3.dtd">
 <article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <front>
   <journal-meta>
    <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">SM</journal-id>
    <journal-title-group>
     <journal-title>Salud Mental</journal-title>
     <abbrev-journal-title>sm</abbrev-journal-title>
    </journal-title-group>
    <issn pub-type="epub">0185-3325</issn>
    <publisher>
     <publisher-name>Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</publisher-name>
    </publisher>
   </journal-meta>
   <article-meta>
    <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">SM4406</article-id>
    <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2017.012</article-id>
    <article-categories>
     <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
      <subject>Original article</subject>
     </subj-group>
    </article-categories>
    <title-group>
     <article-title>Contextual factors associated with marijuana use in school population</article-title>
     <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
      <trans-title>Factores contextuales asociados con el consumo de marihuana en población estudiantil</trans-title>
     </trans-title-group>
     <alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Contextual factors associated with marijuana use in school population</alt-title>
    </title-group>
    <contrib-group>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Jorge Ameth</surname>
       <given-names>Villatoro</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Marycarmen Noemí</surname>
       <given-names>Bustos</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Diana Anahí</surname>
       <given-names>Fregoso</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Clara</surname>
       <given-names>Fleiz Bautista</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>María de Lourdes</surname>
       <given-names>Gutiérrez López</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Nancy G.</surname>
       <given-names>Amador Buenabad</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>María Elena</surname>
       <given-names>Medina-Mora</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002">2</xref>
     </contrib>
    </contrib-group>
    <aff id="AF0001">
     <label>1</label>
     Dirección de investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0002">
     <label>2</label>
     Dirección General. Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz.
    </aff>
    <author-notes>
     <corresp id="cor1">
      Correspondence: Jorge Ameth Villatoro Velázquez. Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM). Calz. México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14370, Ciudad de México, México. Phone: +52 (55) 4160-5461. Email: ameth@imp.edu.mx
      <email xlink:href="ameth@imp.edu.mx">ameth@imp.edu.mx</email>
     </corresp>
    </author-notes>
    <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2017</year>
    </pub-date>
    <volume>40</volume>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <fpage>93</fpage>
    <lpage>102</lpage>
    <history>
     <date date-type="received">
      <day>23</day>
      <month>08</month>
      <year>2016</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="accepted">
      <day>15</day>
      <month>02</month>
      <year>2017</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="Publicado on-line">
      <day>20</day>
      <month>06</month>
      <year>2017</year>
     </date>
    </history>
    <permissions>
     <copyright-statement>© 2001-2015. Todos los Derechos Reservados a Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</copyright-statement>
     <copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
     <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
      <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (by-nc) Spain 3.0 License.</license-p>
     </license>
    </permissions>
    <abstract xml:lang="en">Introduction. Marijuana use among the student population has increased in Mexico and Latin America. There are social, interpersonal and individual factors associated with the onset and continuation of marijuana use. These include the availability of drugs in the community, opportunity for use, low perceived risk of harm from marijuana use and social tolerance by family and close friends. Moreover, these factors increase the probability of experimenting with other drugs, polysubstance use and dependence. Objective. To identify the relationship between the level of urbanization, drug availability, exposure to opportunity for use, risk perception and social tolerance of the level of marijuana use among Mexican middle and high school students. Method. The results are drawn from various surveys conducted in Mexico City and the National Survey of Drug Use among Students 2014. A total of 114 364 middle and high school students participated (49.8% boys and 50.2% girls). Results. Of the respondent 10.6% had used marijuana at least once (12.9% boys and 8.4% girls). The variables that predicted higher marijuana use were drug use approval by family and best friend,, the level of urbanization and low risk perception. Discussion and conclusion. Action must be taken on the factors mentioned to decrease the availability and use of drugs in the environment, and raise awareness of their consequences. These elements must be introduced systematically and creatively into preventive programs in this area.</abstract>
    <trans-abstract xml:lang="es">Introducci&oacute;n. El consumo de mariguana en poblaci&oacute;n estudiantil se ha incrementado en M&eacute;xico y Am&eacute;rica Latina. Existen factores sociales, interpersonales e individuales asociados con el inicio y la continuaci&oacute;n de su consumo. Entre ellos encontramos la disponibilidad de drogas en la comunidad, la oportunidad de consumo, la baja percepci&oacute;n de riesgo por consumir mariguana, la tolerancia social de la familia y la de los amigos cercanos. Adem&aacute;s, estos factores aumentan la probabilidad de experimentar con otras drogas, ser policonsumidor y producir dependencia. Objetivo. Conocer la relaci&oacute;n entre el nivel de urbanizaci&oacute;n, la disponibilidad de drogas, la exposici&oacute;n a la oportunidad de consumo, la percepci&oacute;n de riesgo y la tolerancia social con el nivel de consumo de mariguana en los estudiantes mexicanos de secundaria y bachillerato. M&eacute;todo. Los resultados parten de diversas encuestas realizadas en la Ciudad de M&eacute;xico y de la Encuesta Nacional de Consumo de Drogas en Estudiantes 2014. Participaron 114 364 alumnos de secundaria y bachillerato (49.8% hombres y 50.2% mujeres). Resultados. El 10.6% consumieron mariguana alguna vez (12.9% hombres y 8.4% mujeres). Las variables predictoras de un mayor consumo de mariguana fueron la tolerancia ante el consumo de drogas de la familia y del mejor amigo, el nivel de urbanizaci&oacute;n y una baja percepci&oacute;n de riesgo. Discusi&oacute;n y conclusi&oacute;n. Es necesario incidir en los factores se&ntilde;alados con objeto de disminuir la disponibilidad y el consumo de drogas en el entorno, as&iacute; como en el conocimiento real de sus consecuencias. Estos elementos deben introducirse sistem&aacute;tica y creativamente en los programas preventivos del &aacute;rea.</trans-abstract>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
     <kwd>Risk factors</kwd>
     <kwd>drug availability</kwd>
     <kwd>exposure to opportunity of use</kwd>
     <kwd>social tolerance</kwd>
     <kwd>marijuana use</kwd>
     <kwd>adolescence</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
     <kwd>Factores de riesgo</kwd>
     <kwd>disponibilidad de drogas</kwd>
     <kwd>oportunidad de consumo</kwd>
     <kwd>tolerancia social</kwd>
     <kwd>consumo de mariguana</kwd>
     <kwd>adolescencia</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
   </article-meta>
  </front>
 </article>

