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  <front>
   <journal-meta>
    <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">SM</journal-id>
    <journal-title-group>
     <journal-title>Salud Mental</journal-title>
     <abbrev-journal-title>sm</abbrev-journal-title>
    </journal-title-group>
    <issn pub-type="epub">0185-3325</issn>
    <publisher>
     <publisher-name>Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</publisher-name>
    </publisher>
   </journal-meta>
   <article-meta>
    <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">SM4431</article-id>
    <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2017.021</article-id>
    <article-categories>
     <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
      <subject>Original article</subject>
     </subj-group>
    </article-categories>
    <title-group>
     <article-title>Activo distribution and paraphernalia among “street children”</article-title>
     <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
      <trans-title>Distribución del activo y la parafernalia entre “niños de la calle”</trans-title>
     </trans-title-group>
     <alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Activo distribution and paraphernalia among “street children”</alt-title>
    </title-group>
    <contrib-group>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Arturo</surname>
       <given-names>Ortiz Castro</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Mario J.</surname>
       <given-names>Domínguez García</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Gabriela</surname>
       <given-names>Palomares Calderón</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002">2</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>María Elena</surname>
       <given-names>Medina-Mora</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
    </contrib-group>
    <aff id="AF0001">
     <label>1</label>
     Departamento de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0002">
     <label>2</label>
     Departamento de Investigación Psicosocial, Centro Acción Contra el Alcoholismo A.C.
    </aff>
    <author-notes>
     <corresp id="cor1">
      Correspondence: Mario J. Domínguez García. Departamento de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz. Calz. México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14370, Ciudad de México, México. Phone: +52 (55) 4160-5157. Email: mariodom@imp.edu.mx
      <email xlink:href="mariodom@imp.edu.mx">mariodom@imp.edu.mx</email>
     </corresp>
    </author-notes>
    <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
     <month>07</month>
     <year>2017</year>
    </pub-date>
    <volume>40</volume>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <fpage>165</fpage>
    <lpage>170</lpage>
    <history>
     <date date-type="received">
      <day>01</day>
      <month>12</month>
      <year>2016</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="accepted">
      <day>06</day>
      <month>07</month>
      <year>2017</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="Publicado on-line">
      <day>22</day>
      <month>08</month>
      <year>2017</year>
     </date>
    </history>
    <permissions>
     <copyright-statement>© 2001-2015. Todos los Derechos Reservados a Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</copyright-statement>
     <copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
     <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
      <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (by-nc) Spain 3.0 License.</license-p>
     </license>
    </permissions>
    <abstract xml:lang="en">Introduction. The use of solvent inhalants has been documented in Mexico since the 1970s. Nevertheless, very little is known about the distribution and use dynamics among &ldquo;street children&rdquo;. Few have ventured to study this issue because of the difficulties involved in working with marginalized, relatively inaccessible populations. Objective. To analyze the distribution and consumption dynamics of activo, as it is known among street children in downtown Mexico City, and to document the paraphernalia and argot associated with these practices. Method. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and interpretative study guided by the &ldquo;Meeting Place&rdquo; approach used by Hughes (1977), which has been adapted to Mexican population by Ortiz (1979). We also used ethnographic observation techniques and a social and immersion mapping of street spaces that allowed us to contact and relate to both informants and users. Results. We identified activo distributors and storage areas; user groups were made up of men and women in a 7-3 ratio; physical and psycho-social characteristics of sellers and users, and some street argot and paraphernalia that allowed us to understand the dynamics of distribution and consumption. Discussion and conclusion. The activo market is both captive and hidden; it is detrimental to the physical and mental health of street children, and is fostered by social exclusion and the lack of legislation.</abstract>
    <trans-abstract xml:lang="es">Introducci&oacute;n. El consumo de solventes inhalables se ha documentado en M&eacute;xico desde la d&eacute;cada de 1970; sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre la din&aacute;mica de distribuci&oacute;n y consumo entre los &ldquo;ni&ntilde;os de la calle&rdquo;. Este tema se ha estudiado poco por las dificultades inherentes al trabajo con poblaciones marginales y de dif&iacute;cil acceso. Objetivo. Analizar la din&aacute;mica de distribuci&oacute;n y consumo del &ldquo;activo&rdquo; entre los &ldquo;ni&ntilde;os de la calle&rdquo; de la zona centro de la Ciudad de M&eacute;xico, as&iacute; como documentar la parafernalia y el argot asociados a estas pr&aacute;cticas. M&eacute;todo. Es un estudio de tipo cualitativo, de car&aacute;cter descriptivo-interpretativo, guiado por el enfoque llamado &ldquo;Lugares de Reuni&oacute;n&rdquo; empleado por Hughes (1977) y adaptado a poblaci&oacute;n mexicana por Ortiz (1979). Tambi&eacute;n se emplearon t&eacute;cnicas etnogr&aacute;ficas de observaci&oacute;n, mapeo social e inmersi&oacute;n en los espacios de calle, que sirvieron para contactar y establecer un v&iacute;nculo con los informantes y consumidores. Resultados. Se identifican distribuidores y zonas de almacenamiento del activo; grupos de consumidores formados por hombres y mujeres en una proporci&oacute;n de 7 a 3; signos f&iacute;sicos y caracter&iacute;sticas psicosociales de vendedores y usuarios, as&iacute; como el argot y parafernalia; lo que permite comprender la din&aacute;mica de distribuci&oacute;n y consumo. Discusi&oacute;n y conclusi&oacute;n. El mercado del activo es cautivo y oculto, deteriora la salud f&iacute;sica y mental de los &ldquo;ni&ntilde;os de la calle&rdquo; y es promovido adem&aacute;s por la exclusi&oacute;n social y la falta de legislaci&oacute;n.</trans-abstract>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
     <kwd>Street children</kwd>
     <kwd>drugs</kwd>
     <kwd>inhalants</kwd>
     <kwd>solvents</kwd>
     <kwd>distribution</kwd>
     <kwd>Mexico City</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
     <kwd>Niños de la calle</kwd>
     <kwd>drogas</kwd>
     <kwd>inhalantes</kwd>
     <kwd>disolventes inhalables</kwd>
     <kwd>distribución</kwd>
     <kwd>Ciudad de México</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
   </article-meta>
  </front>
 </article>

