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  <front>
   <journal-meta>
    <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">SM</journal-id>
    <journal-title-group>
     <journal-title>Salud Mental</journal-title>
     <abbrev-journal-title>sm</abbrev-journal-title>
    </journal-title-group>
    <issn pub-type="epub">0185-3325</issn>
    <publisher>
     <publisher-name>Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</publisher-name>
    </publisher>
   </journal-meta>
   <article-meta>
    <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">SM4563</article-id>
    <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2018.011</article-id>
    <article-categories>
     <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
      <subject>Original article</subject>
     </subj-group>
    </article-categories>
    <title-group>
     <article-title>Internal and inter-rater reliability of the ASQ-3 in Mexican preschoolers</article-title>
     <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
      <trans-title>Confiabilidad interna e interevaluador del ASQ-3 en preescolares mexicanos</trans-title>
     </trans-title-group>
     <alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Internal and inter-rater reliability of the ASQ-3 in Mexican preschoolers</alt-title>
    </title-group>
    <contrib-group>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Silvia</surname>
       <given-names>Ortiz-León</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Armida</surname>
       <given-names>Granados-Rojas</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0002">2</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Josefa</surname>
       <given-names>Cavazos-Olivo</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0003">3</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Leonardo</surname>
       <given-names>De Benito-Avendaño</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0004">4</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Victor Hugo</surname>
       <given-names>Obregón-García</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0005">5</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Xenia Margarita</surname>
       <given-names>Duran-Avendaño</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0006">6</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Rosario Viridiana</surname>
       <given-names>Ramírez-Pérez</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0007">7</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Juan Alberto</surname>
       <given-names>Cárdenas-Medina</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0008">8</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Blanca Estela</surname>
       <given-names>Vargas-Terréz</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0009">9</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Gerardo</surname>
       <given-names>Luna-Guevara</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Ana Carolina</surname>
       <given-names>Rodríguez-Machain</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
     <contrib contrib-type="author">
      <name>
       <surname>Aurora Leonila</surname>
       <given-names>Jaimes-Medrano</given-names>
      </name>
      <xref ref-type="aff" rid="AF0001">1</xref>
     </contrib>
    </contrib-group>
    <aff id="AF0001">
     <label>1</label>
     Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0002">
     <label>2</label>
     Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N. Navarro, Ciudad de México, México.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0003">
     <label>3</label>
     Centro Comunitario de Salud Mental Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México, México.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0004">
     <label>4</label>
     Instituto de Neurociencias, Investigación y Desarrollo Emocional, Ciudad de México, México.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0005">
     <label>5</label>
     CISAME Chimalhuacán y CISAME Ixtapaluca, Estado de México, México.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0006">
     <label>6</label>
     Hospital Nacional de Niños Benjamín Bloom (HNNBB), San Salvador, El Salvador.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0007">
     <label>7</label>
     Grupo Paidos, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0008">
     <label>8</label>
     Neurocom, Ciudad de México, México.
    </aff>
    <aff id="AF0009">
     <label>9</label>
     Universidad La Salle, Unidad Benjamín Franklin, Ciudad de México, México.
    </aff>
    <author-notes>
     <corresp id="cor1">
      Correspondence: Aurora Leonila Jaimes Medrano Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Avenida Universidad, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, México. Phone: +52 (55) 5624 - 5069 Email: aurojm@me.com
      <email xlink:href="aurojm@me.com">aurojm@me.com</email>
     </corresp>
    </author-notes>
    <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2018</year>
    </pub-date>
    <volume>41</volume>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <fpage>65</fpage>
    <lpage>72</lpage>
    <history>
     <date date-type="received">
      <day>16</day>
      <month>05</month>
      <year>2017</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="accepted">
      <day>02</day>
      <month>03</month>
      <year>2018</year>
     </date>
     <date date-type="Publicado on-line">
      <day>01</day>
      <month>05</month>
      <year>2018</year>
     </date>
    </history>
    <permissions>
     <copyright-statement>© 2001-2015. Todos los Derechos Reservados a Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz</copyright-statement>
     <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
     <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
      <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (by-nc) Spain 3.0 License.</license-p>
     </license>
    </permissions>
    <abstract xml:lang="en">Introduction. Monitoring child development includes the promotion of development in the healthy child and the detection of delays and early indicators of disorders that begin in the first five years of life through easy-to-use, easy to mark, and low-cost screening tests. Objective. To evaluate the internal reliability and inter-rater reliability of the ASQ-3 in Mexican preschool children. Method. The ASQ-3 was applied to parents and/or teachers of 33 - 60 month old children who attended the Centros de Desarrollo Infantil (Child Development Centers-CENDIS) in the public and private sectors of Mexico City. Results. A total of n = 1052 questionnaires were obtained, grouped into six age groups (33, 36, 42, 48, 54, and 60 months of age) according to the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3). The levels of reliability of the ASQ-3 for each of the age groups were acceptable, with a range of &alpha; = .77 to &alpha; = .88. Regarding inter-rater reliability (parents vs. teachers), moderate correlation levels were observed. Discussion and conclusion. The results obtained suggest that this is a screening instrument that reliably evaluates the five areas of development that make up the ASQ-3 in pre-school children. This represents an opportunity to continue studying the psychometric characteristics of validity of this instrument in representative samples of Mexican children to optimize the process of early childhood development monitoring.</abstract>
    <trans-abstract xml:lang="es">Introducci&oacute;n. La vigilancia del desarrollo infantil contempla la promoci&oacute;n del desarrollo en el ni&ntilde;o sano y la detecci&oacute;n de retrasos e indicadores tempranos de trastornos que se inician en los primeros cinco a&ntilde;os de vida por medio de pruebas de tamizaje de f&aacute;cil aplicaci&oacute;n, calificaci&oacute;n y de bajo costo. Objetivo. Evaluar la fiabilidad interna y confiabilidad interevaluador del Cuestionario de Edades y Etapas-3 (ASQ-3) en preescolares mexicanos. M&eacute;todo. Se aplic&oacute; el ASQ-3 a padres y/o tutores de ni&ntilde;os de edades entre 33 y 60 meses que asist&iacute;an a Estancias de Desarrollo Infantil (CENDIS) del sector p&uacute;blico y privado de la Ciudad de M&eacute;xico. Resultados. Se obtuvieron un total de n = 1052 cuestionarios, agrupados en seis grupos de edad (33, 36, 42, 48, 54 y 60 meses de edad) de acuerdo con el ASQ-3. Los niveles de confiabilidad de los ASQ-3 para cada uno de los grupos de edad fueron aceptables con un rango de &alpha; =. 77 a &alpha; =. 88. Respecto a la confiabilidad interevaluador (padres vs. maestros), se observaron niveles de correlaci&oacute;n moderados. Discusi&oacute;n y conclusi&oacute;n. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que es un instrumento de tamizaje que eval&uacute;a de forma fidedigna las cinco &aacute;reas del desarrollo que conforman el ASQ-3 en los preescolares. Ello representa una oportunidad para seguir estudiando las caracter&iacute;sticas psicom&eacute;tricas de validez de este instrumento en muestras representativas de ni&ntilde;os mexicanos con la finalidad de optimizar el proceso de vigilancia del desarrollo en edades tempranas.</trans-abstract>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
     <kwd>Child development</kwd>
     <kwd>mass screening</kwd>
     <kwd>reliability</kwd>
     <kwd>surveillance</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
    <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
     <kwd>Desarrollo infantil</kwd>
     <kwd>tamizaje</kwd>
     <kwd>fiabilidad</kwd>
     <kwd>vigilancia</kwd>
    </kwd-group>
   </article-meta>
  </front>
 </article>

