Cognitive behavioral interventions for diabetics in Mexico

Abstract

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is highly prevalent in Mexico. It is estimated that only a quarter of such cases are metabolically controlled. Control of DM requires effective interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy.

Objective. To conduct a subject review of cognitive behavioral interventions used in Mexico to improve the control of DM.

Method. Cognitive behavioral interventions for the review were obtained from databases (Redalyc, Dialnet, SciELO), the TESIUNAM Catalog, specialist libraries, books, references of the analyzed studies, and consultations with experts. Studies carried out between 1990 and 2014 were included. Certain variables related to the intervention were analyzed; to evaluate the methodological characteristics, the criteria set by the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) was used.

Results. Nineteen studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. Eleven interventions were looking for improved adherence to treatment and/or self-care, 11 were looking for improved mood, and 10 were looking for better quality of life and/or psychological well-being. Of the 19 studies, 18 reported favorable results for control of DM. Only two studies met with more than 50% of the criteria suggested by the CONSORT.

Discussion and conclusion. The scope of the interventions is short because study samples averaged just 26.21 participants and follow-up periods averaged 2.15 months. Most of the studies do not or only partially meet with CONSORT criteria, putting into question the effects achieved in the interventions.