Sleep problems and profiles in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder assessed by the Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire-Abbreviated in Colombia
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Resumen
Introducción. Los problemas del sueño son frecuentes en pacientes con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH), pero a menudo se subestiman en la consulta.
Objetivo. Describir las principales características de los hábitos de sueño en una población de pacientes ambulatorios con TDAH utilizando el Cuestionario de Hábitos de Sueño de Niños-Abreviado (CSHQ-A), comparar los grupos con TDAH según la presencia de comorbilidad y de tratamiento actual y determinar los perfiles del sueño mediante el análisis de clase latente (ACL).
Método. Se recogió una muestra de 228 pacientes con TDAH (edad M = 11.5 años, (RI = 9 - 15). Los padres / cuidadores completaron el cuestionario. Se compararon los grupos de participantes y se utilizó el ACL para clasificar los perfiles de patrones de sueño similares.
Resultados. El grupo con TDAH con tratamiento tuvo una puntuación más alta en CSHQ-A que el grupo sin tratamiento. Surgieron cuatro clases: Clase 1 sólo niños varones, mitad con TDAH comórbido, muchos con tratamiento y con muchos problemas de sueño (media CSHQ-A: 25.98). Clase 2: la mayoría mujeres adolescentes con trastorno de ansiedad comórbido y sin problemas de sueño (CSHQ-A media: 12.78). Clase 3: adolescentes, varones, con depresión comorbida: el CSHQ-A mostró muchos problemas de sueño. Clase 4: sólo niños, hombres, la mayoría con tratamiento, con algunos problemas de sueño.
Discusión y conclusión. En esta muestra de TDAH, los pacientes con tratamiento psicofarmacológico tienen un mayor informe de problemas de sueño según CSHQ-A en comparación con aquellos sin tratamiento.
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