Cognitive and spectral coherence of EEG alterations in resting state in children with chronic TBI
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Resumen
Objetivo. Evaluar el desempeño cognitivo y la coherencia espectral de un grupo de niños con TCE en fase no aguda.
Método. Estudio transversal de 15 niños con TCE y 17 niños controles. Se empleó la Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil (ENI) y se registró la actividad en reposo del EEG con ojos cerrados. Fuera de línea, se eligieron épocas de 2 s del trazo de cada participante y se estimó la coherencia espectral en un rango de 1.6 a 30 Hz. Se comparó el rendimiento cognitivo entre los grupos con la prueba T/U-Mann de Whitney y MANOVA para los valores de coherencia.
Resultados. El grupo con TCE mostró un menor rendimiento (p ≤ 0.05) en habilidades metalingüísticas, visuoespaciales, atención, memoria, flexibilidad no verbal, planeación y organización. Se encontraron diferencias (p ≤ 0.000) en la coherencia espectral tanto inter como intrahemisférica entre los grupos. Particularmente, en F1-F3 (95%IC: 0.543 - 0.557) en todo el rango de frecuencias y F3-C3 (95%IC: 0.503 - 0.515) en delta, theta, alfa2 y beta.
Discusión y conclusión. Los resultados sugieren que distintas redes en estado de reposo muestran alteraciones de hipo e hiperconectividad funcional aun después de varios años de un TCE. Es probable que una sutil diferencia en el grado de conectividad sea determinante en la génesis o desarrollo exitoso de procesos atencionales, mnésicos, ejecutivos y visoespaciales.
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