Psychometric properties of the Scale of Attitudes towards Pregnancy and Weight Gain in Mexican population
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Resumen
Objetivo. Validar en español la Escala de Actitudes hacia el Embarazo y el Aumento de Peso en población mexicana.
Método. El estudio se llevó a cabo en dos fases: una adaptación transcultural para determinar la validez lingüística y después una verificación de las propiedades psicométricas por medio de un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio.
Resultados. Participaron 520 mujeres embarazadas mayores de 18 años que asistieron a consulta prenatal, con una media de edad de 23.56 ± 5.89 años y con un promedio de 33.20 ± 6.69 semanas de gestación. El análisis exploratorio definió cinco componentes que explican el 56.04% de la varianza total de los 18 reactivos y una consistencia interna aceptable (α = .78). El análisis factorial confirmó cinco factores (actitud negativa hacia el aumento del peso gestacional, imagen corporal positiva, control de peso gestacional, preocupación por el peso gestacional y conducta restrictiva hacia el peso gestacional) con índices de ajuste adecuados (χ2/gl = 2.57, IFI = .90, CFI = .90, RMSEA = .05 (IC 90% [.048, .062], p =.12), SRMR = .05).
Discusión y conclusión. El instrumento tiene buenas propiedades psicométricas y se recomienda como herramienta válida para evaluar las actitudes hacia la imagen corporal en mujeres mexicanas durante el periodo del embarazo.
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