Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and the physical and mental health in Mexican adults
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Resumen
Objetivo. Examinar la frecuencia de las EAI y su relación con la salud mental y física de adultos en Ciudad Juárez.
Método. 389 personas de entre 18 y 65 años, en un estudio transversal con muestra incidental y participación voluntaria. Los instrumentos empleados fueron: PHQ-9 para depresión, GAD-7 para ansiedad y PHQ-15 para síntomas psicosomáticos.
Resultados. El 75% reportó al menos un tipo de adversidad y el 31.4% tres o más. Reportar 3+ EAI estuvo asociado con un incremento en Odds Ratio para depresión (OR = 5.04, 95% IC [2.38, 10.68]), ansiedad (OR = 3.33, 95% IC [1.09, 6.99]), severidad psicosomática (OR = 4.58, 95% IC [2.53, 8.29]), obesidad (OR = 2.08, 95% IC [1.21, 3.59]) y limitaciones por malestares físicos o emocionales (OR = 5.90, 95% IC [2.88, 12.09]). Una mayor ansiedad se asoció con abuso sexual (OR = 2.12 95% IC [.92, 4.85]) y haber sido testigo de violencia (OR = 5.09, 95% IC [1.04, 24.77]). Mayor riesgo de severidad psicosomática se presentó si se reportaba abuso sexual (OR = 1.94 95% IC [1.06, 3.54]) y negligencia (OR = 1.84, 95% IC = [1.02, .32]).
Discusión y conclusión. Las EAI están asociadas con dificultades de salud mental y psicosomatización. Se confirma relación entre los distintos tipos de adversidad y la salud.
Referencias
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